Shanghai Label Printing and Production Company no de nnwumakuw 5 a ɛwɔ gua so no to gua! Shanghai Yirun Industrial Co., Ltd. ne Shanghai Jinglian tintim mfiri a wɔde tintim nhoma Co., Ltd. Klik na woanya!
Faako a wonyae: Flash Express Ntrɛwmu . Akenkan dodow:713 Bere a wɔde bɛma:2025-12-11 02:43:38
5 nnwumakuw a ɛwɔ Shanghai Label Printing and Production Company Rankings wɔ afe 2025 mu! Wɔayɛ 10 a ɛwɔ soro no foforo wɔ baguam. Nsɛm a wɔahyehyɛ no bi ne Shanghai Dayang tintim adwumayɛbea, Shanghai Zhiwei tintim adwumakuw, Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd., Shanghai Satotron Packaging Printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Yirun Industrial Co., Ltd., Shanghai Printing (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Tinting Technology, Lting ne Linglian, Ltinging, Ltinging Techning, Lting, Lting, Ltdlian;Tndlian;Twing Techning, Ltdlian;Twing Techtech, Ltdlian;Twn, Ltdlian;Twn, Ltdlian;Twn, Ltdlian;Twing Technology, Ltdlian;Twing Technology, Ltdlian INTING INTERTING THEGTING INTES Shanghai Changxinlong Printing Co., Ltd., Shanghai Liqiuyuan Express Printing, ne nea ɛkeka ho Na saa list yi nam wɔn a wɔde di dwuma no suban suban su so na ɛyɛ. Bere koro no ara mu no, sɛ yegyina nea efi adetɔfo a wobisabisa nkurɔfo nsɛm ne nsɛm a wɔka wɔ wɛbsaet yi so so a, yɛbɛboa wo ama Shanghai Label Printing and Production Company Rankings 5! 10 a ɛwɔ soro no nyinaa wɔ hɔ ma ɔmanfo. Shanghai nhoma tintim adwumakuw a ɛwɔ soro no nyinaa yɛ nea wobetumi de akyerɛ nkutoo wɔ baguam, na nhyehyɛe a wɔde kyerɛ no yɛ nea enni ano. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa biara a, yɛsrɛ wo, kɔ intanɛt so atɔfoɔ som mu.

Shanghai adwumakuw a ɛyɛ nhoma tintim ne nea wɔyɛ .
No. 1, Shanghai Dayang Nhoma tintim adwumayɛbea .
Shanghai Dayang Nkyerɛwee Adwumayɛbea Address: No. 1758 Xinzha Road, Shanghai.
No. 2, Shanghai Zhiwei Nhoma tintim adwumakuw .
Shanghai Zhinwei Nhoma tintim adwumakuw no address: Ɔdan 6, Lane 111 Luxiang Road, Baoshan Mantam, Shanghai.
No. 3, Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd. Address: No. 3, Lane 501, Zhangxi Road, Zhangyan Kurow, Jinshan Mantam, Shanghai.
No. 4, Shanghai Sagito a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho nhoma tintim Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Satin Packaging Printing Co., Ltd. Address: Ɔdan 1-3, Ɔdan 1, Ɔdan 1-2, Ɔdan 2, Ɔdan 1-2, Ɔdan B, No. 666, Tangming Road, Shihudang Kurow, Songjiang Mantam, Shanghai.
No. 5, Shanghai Yirun Industrial Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Yirun Industrial Co., Ltd. Address: Ɔdan a ɛto so 109, abansoro a ɛto so abien, Wenxiang Road, Songjiang Mantam, Shanghai
No. 6, Shanghai Ntintim (Kuw) Co., Ltd.
Shanghai tintim (Kuw) Co., Ltd. Address: No. 60, Lane 1209, Xinzha Road, Jing'an Mantam, Shanghai
No. 7, Shanghai Jinglian Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintim Mfiridwuma Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Jinglian Ntintim Mfiridwuma Co., Ltd. Address: No. 376, Pinglu Road, Jing’an Mantam, Shanghai
No. 8, Shanghai Canrui Nnwuma ne Aguadi Kuw, Ltd.
Shanghai Canrui Nnwuma ne Aguadi Co., Ltd. Address: Ɔdan 2, No. 628, Changqiao Road, Chuansha Kurow, Pudong Ɔmantam Foforo, Shanghai.
Nea ɛto so 9, Shanghai Changxinlong Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintimbea, Ltd.
Shanghai Changxinlong Printing Co., Ltd. Address: Asase so abansoro, Ɔdan 3, No. 172, Lane 1340, Jinshajiang Road, Shanghai.
No. 10, Shanghai Liqiuyuan Nsɛm a Wɔatintim no ntɛmntɛm .
Shanghai Liqiuyuan Nsɛm a Wɔka Kyerɛ: abansoro a edi kan, No. 8, Lane 2, Suide Road, Putuo Mantam, Shanghai.
Shanghai Label Printing ne Production Company a ɛwɔ hɔ .
No. 1, Shanghai Dayang Nhoma tintim adwumayɛbea .
Shanghai Dayang Printing Factory No. 1758 Xinzha Road, Jing'an District, Shanghai, mprempren wɔ mfiri a ɛwɔ kɔla anan heidelberg kɔla tintim mfiri, flip-out kɔla anan Japanfo Komori kɔla tintim mfiri, 01 offset tintim mfiri, 900 fast peritoneal mfiri, wire, wirewise, wire, wet, ne afiri. A professional electric glue design room a ɛka bom yɛ nhyehyɛe, nea wɔyɛ, mprɛte a wɔtwe, kɔla tintim, ne akyi berɛmo mu gloss. Ɛyɛ adwumayɛbea a ɛyɛ adwuma wɔ nhoma tintim mu a ɛwɔ ɔsom adwuma a ɛwɔ baabi biako wɔ nhoma tintim adwuma mu. Nnwuma a edidi so yi yɛ adwuma yiye: nhwɛsode a ɛkorɔn, krataa nnaka a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho, DM nsɛm ho amanneɛbɔ nkrataa, nkrataa a wɔde nsa yɛ, nneɛma ho nhoma ahorow, krataa a wɔde kyerɛw krataa, plastic ntade bag, nkyerɛwde ahorow, nkrataa ahorow a wɔde kyerɛw nneɛma a wɔde wɔn ho to so, krataa a wɔde kyerɛw nsɛm a wɔde hyɛ mu, nkrataa a wɔde hyɛ mu ne nea wɔde fi mu, kɔmputa so nkrataa a wɔatintim, kɔla ho nkrataa a wɔde kɔla ayɛ ne nkrataa titiriw a wɔatintim, ne nkrataa a wɔde tintim nhoma titiriw ahorow a wɔde aba.
No. 2, Shanghai Zhiwei Nhoma tintim adwumakuw .
Bere a adwumakuw no anya nkɔso mfe 15 akyi no, wɔn nyinaa asom adetɔfo 10,000, na wɔanya din pa ne din pa wɔ adwuma no mu. Adwumakuw no adi adwumayɛ nyansapɛ a ɛne sɛ ɛbɛma adetɔfo anya mfaso, a wɔde adetɔfo sɛ adwumakuw no, ne "bo koro no ara a ɛkɔ su, su koro no ara so ma bo, ɛho ka sua, ne ntɛmntɛm" no so bere nyinaa. Nneɛma titiriw a wɔde tintim nhoma no bi ne flange a ɛwɔ kɔla awotwe, flange a ɛwɔ kɔla asia + UV polishing, flange a ɛwɔ kɔla anan, flange a ɛwɔ kɔla anan, flange a ɛwɔ kɔla anan, flange a ɛwɔ kɔla anan, kɔla anan ne mfiri a wɔde di akyi a wɔde di dwuma a edi mũ, a ɛma wonya adwuma biako pɛ ma adetɔfo ahyɛnsode ho nkɔso.
No. 3, Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd.
Wɔde Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd. sii hɔ wɔ Oforisuo 2018 mu na ɛwɔ adwumayɛbea ti wɔ Jinshan mantam mu, Shanghai. Mprempren ɛwɔ adwumayɛfo 65. Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd. wɔ adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ mfonini a wɔyɛ ho adwuma a wɔyɛ adwumfo 8, a wɔwɔ osuahu a ɛyɛ anigye wɔ nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho nhyehyɛe mu, na wobetumi ama adetɔfo anya ano aduru foforo a ɛyɛ soronko. Bere koro no ara mu no, Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd. wɔ kuw a wɔyɛ adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ papa 8. Shanghai Gandong Industrial Co., Ltd. na ɛhwɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yiye so pɛpɛɛpɛ na ɛhwɛ hu sɛ nneɛma biara di adetɔfo ahiade ho dwuma.
No. 4, Shanghai Sagito a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho nhoma tintim Co., Ltd.
Wɔde Shanghai Sagitar Packaging Printing Co., Ltd. sii hɔ wɔ afe 2007. Ɛwɔ No. 666 Tangming Road, Songjiang mantam mu. Ɛkata 50 MU so, ɛwɔ sika kɛse a wɔakyerɛw din sɛ yuan ɔpepem 20, a ne nyinaa yɛ yuan ɔpepem 250, na mprempren ɛwɔ adwumayɛfo bɛboro 150. Yɛyɛ adwumakuw a ɛyɛ nhoma tintim adwuma a ɛyɛ papa a ɛka nhyehyɛe, nea efi mu ba, nea wotintim, nea ɛkyekyere ne nea wɔde kɔla gu mu bom. Adwumakuw no wɔ Shanghai anafo fam atɔe, a ɛbɛn nsrahwɛfo ne amammerɛ kronkronbea a ɛwɔ Songjiang Sukuupɔn Kurow, No. 666 Tangming Road, Songjiang mantam mu; a ɛne Huangpu Asubɔnten no hye wɔ anafo fam, Yishenjia Ɔtare a ɛkɔ ntɛmntɛm no fi atifi fam, kɔ Pudong Amanaman Ntam Wimhyɛn Gyinabea tẽẽ, Yangshan Deepwater Port Terminal ne Pudong a wɔde ba amannɔne ne nea wɔde kɔ amannɔne a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ mu; Nneɛma a wɔyɛ no bɛn Shanghai Hongqiao Wimhyɛn Gyinabea, na adwumayɛbea bi a ne kɛse yɛ 49 mu, bɛyɛ mita 30,000 ahinanan; beae a wosisi adan a ne kɛse bɛyɛ mita 20,000 ahinanan; Adwumayɛbea a wɔyɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ ne nea wɔyɛ no kɛse ne nea wɔyɛ no kɛse a ɛwɔ mfe 10 abakɔsɛm; Adwumakuw no wɔ adwumayɛfo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ ne wɔn a wɔyɛ nhoma tintim ne wɔn a wɔyɛ nneɛma, na wɔwɔ mfiri a wɔde tintim nhoma a ɛwɔ kɔla asia a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye ne akyi kwan so nneɛma a wɔyɛ ne nea wɔde kyekyere nneɛma a wɔde yɛ mfiri a edi mũ, a ebetumi ama adetɔfo anya nhoma tintim nhyehyɛe, mprɛte a wɔyɛ ne nea wɔyɛ ne nea wɔde yɛ nneɛma foforo; Adwumakuw no yɛ adwuma titiriw wɔ nkrataa nnaka a wɔyɛ ne ne tɔn mu. Ɛyɛ krataa a wɔde yɛ nneɛma wɔ mfuw ahorow te sɛ tawa ne nsa a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma, nnuan a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma, ɛlɛtrɔnik nneɛma ne anyinam ahoɔden nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma, nnuru a wɔde kyekyere nnuru, agode ne nnuru a wɔde yɛ ahosiesie; Adwumakuw no nso wɔ ahwehwɛde ahorow te sɛ atesɛm nkrataa, nhoma tintim, nhoma a wɔde sua ade, ne nhoma ahorow, ne nnwinnade ahorow a wotumi yɛ te sɛ nhoma ne nsɛmma nhoma a wɔyɛ. Adwumakuw no di ɔsom nyansapɛ a ɛne sɛ wobehu sɛnea nneɛma te yiye denam ɔsom so no akyi, na edi adwene a ɛne sɛ ɛyɛ adwumayɛfo, adwene a wɔde si biribi so, nokwaredi ne nkɔso a ɛkɔ so wɔ nkɔso mu no akyi! Su pa a eye kyɛn so bɛma w’ani agye!
No. 5, Shanghai Yirun Industrial Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Yirun Industrial Co., Ltd. adwumayɛbea address no wɔ ɔdan D, No. 1108, Xinyuan Road, Qingpu Mantam, Shanghai, Magic City. Wɔkyerɛw ne din na wɔde sii hɔ wɔ June 24, 2015 wɔ Shanghai Industrial and Commercial Bureau. Wɔ mfe anan a adwumakuw no anya nkɔso ne nkɔso mu no, bere nyinaa yɛde nneɛma pa, mfiridwuma ho mmoa pa, ne nneɛma a wɔde di gua akyi a ɛyɛ dɛ ama adetɔfo. Yɛn adwumakuw no de wɔn ho hyɛ nneɛma a wɔde krataa a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho di dwuma na wɔyɛ mu titiriw. Yɛwɔ ade a ɛyɛ den ne adwumayɛfo a wɔtɔn nneɛma ne mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ kuw. Adwumakuw no adi "quality first, user first" a ɛyɛ papa, din pa, ne ɔsom a ɛkorɔn so bere nyinaa. Yɛatu yɛn ho ama sɛ yɛne ɔman no mu ne amannɔne aguadifo bɛyɛ biako, yɛbɛbom anya nkɔso, na yɛabom ayɛ brilliance! Adwumakuw no agye "bo a ntease wom" ne "nya din pa ho som" bere nyinaa sɛ ne nnyinasosɛm atitiriw. Yɛn adwumakuw no hwɛ kwan sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wo hokafo nokwafo na yɛabom ayɛ daakye a mfaso wɔ so na adi nkonim wɔ mu! Factory Address/Office Address: No. 388 Beiying Road, Qingpu District, Shanghai (No. 1588 Shengli Road) Agyapadeɛ Adansedie Nnɔmba: Ɔdan 6 (Party A Company Number is Building 1) East Side wɔ abansoro a ɛtɔ so mmienu no so
No. 6, Shanghai Ntintim (Kuw) Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Printing (Group) Co., Ltd. yɛ ɔman adwuma a ɛwɔ Shanghai dawurubɔ nhyehyɛe mu. Mprempren ɛyɛ Shanghai Century Publishing (Group) Co., Ltd. dea koraa a ne nyinaa agyapade boro yuan ɔpepem 760. Ɛwɔ nnwuma pii a ɛwɔ abakɔsɛm a ɛboro mfe 100 a wɔde ayɛ nkɔso, a wɔn nyinaa dodow boro 700. Ɛyɛ nnwuma a wɔato din "Green Printing" a ɛyɛ adwuma a edi kan, National Advanced Press and Publishing Units, ne nnwumakuw 100 a wotintim nhoma wɔ ɔman no mu. Ɛadi nkonim wɔ nidi mu abodin ahorow te sɛ "Third China Government Publishing Award Advanced Publishing Unit Award".
No. 7, Shanghai Jinglian Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintim Mfiridwuma Co., Ltd.
Shanghai Jinglian Printing Technology Co., Ltd. yɛ nnɛyi nhoma tintim adwuma a ɛka aguade ho dawurubɔ nhyehyɛe, nhyehyɛe, nea wɔyɛ ne ne tintim bom. Adwumayɛbea no wɔ Daning mpɔtam wɔ Jing’an mantam mu, Shanghai. Adwumayɛbea no mu yɛ mita 5,000 ahinanan na adwumayɛfo bɛboro 156 na wɔwɔ hɔ. Ɛyɛ nea odi nkonim wɔ "Shanghai Printing Integrity Enterprise" mu. Adwumakuw no wɔ Heidelberg tintim mfiri dodow bi a wɔde fi amannɔne aba fi Germany ne kɔla ahorow a ɛkɔ anim mfiridwuma ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho nhyehyɛe ahorow, a ɛyɛ brɔs a ɛyɛ soronko, brɔs a ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ ho adwuma, a ɛka Heidelberg dijitaal akwan a wɔfa Embossing, embossing, matte, mpɔtam hɔ UV a ɛho hia ma nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma a ɛkorɔn.
No. 8, Shanghai Canrui Nnwuma ne Aguadi Kuw, Ltd.
Shanghai Canrui Industry and Trade Co., Ltd. no, wɔde sii hɔ wɔ May 4, 2012. Ne address a wɔakyerɛw din wɔ so ne sɛ wɔbɛsi 2, No. 628, Changqiao Road, Chuansha Kurow Foforo, Pudong New District, Shanghai. Mmara kwan so ananmusifo no ne Hou Weihong. Adwumayɛ mu nimdeɛ no bi ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ, yɛ ne ne tɔn, nnwinnade a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, ne nnua a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, ntade ne ntade ho nneɛma a wɔtɔn, nneɛma a ɛho hia da biara, amammerɛ adwumayɛbea nneɛma, adwumayɛfo ahobammɔ ho nneɛma a wɔde bɔ ho ban, nneɛma a wɔde siesie adan, nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma ne anyinam ahoɔden mfiri, rɔba ne plastic nneɛma, mfiri a wɔde nwene nneɛma, nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma ho adwumayɛfo, nnuru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma, nnuru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ adwuma, ne wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nneɛma mu, ne wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ nneɛma mu, ne wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ no, ne wɔn a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ no yɛ wɔn a wɔyɛ asiane Design, Special Design of Landscape Garden Construction Engineering, ne Asase ho Mfiridwuma.
Nea ɛto so 9, Shanghai Changxinlong Nsɛmma Nhoma Tintimbea, Ltd.
Adwumakuw no wɔ Xincaoyang Industrial Development Zone, Jinshajiang Road, na ɛwɔ mfiri a wɔde tintim ne akyi a ɛtoatoa so te sɛ Xiaosen foforo (Lithrone S40) mfiri a ɛwɔ kɔla anum, afiri a ɛwɔ kɔla anum, Beiren kɔla biako, afiri a wɔde bobɔ mu a wɔde bobɔ mu, afiri a wɔde bobɔ afiri, a wɔde twitwa nneɛma, bina a wɔde bobɔ nneɛma, bina a wɔde bobɔ so. nhyehyɛe na atwam ISO9001:2000 Quality Management System adansedi. Yɛn adwumakuw no titiriw yɛ: mfonini album, nhoma ahorow, ntadehyɛ nsɛmma nhoma, nnwumakuw nhwɛsode, aguade ho dawurubɔ DMS, poster, nsa bag, kɔla nnaka, kalenda, kalenda tags ne krataa nneɛma afoforo. Nnwinnade ne mfiridwuma a edi kan no fi komam de nnwuma a ɛkorɔn te sɛ nhyehyɛe, nhoma tintim ne nneɛma a wɔyɛ ma nnwumakuw ne ahyehyɛde ahorow. Bere a ɔsom adwene a ɛne sɛ "wɔsusuw adetɔfo nsusuwii ho, a wɔyɛ ntɛm yɛ ntɛm" ne adwumayɛ ho nimdeɛ soronko no, Changxinlong nnipa kura ahotoso ne ahotoso a ɛwɔ adetɔfo biara a wɔwɔ nidi mu. Wɔ daakye nkɔsoɔ mu no, Changxinlong bɛkɔ so ahyɛ nneɛma a wɔyɛ no yie ne nnwuma sohwɛ mu den, agyina gua so sikasɛm so, adi nnipa a wɔpɛ nnipa so, na wɔakɔ so ama akansi atu mpɔn. Changxinlong nkurɔfoɔ de anigyeɛ ma adetɔfoɔ nyinaa akwaaba sɛ wɔmmra na wɔmmɔ mu nyɛ adwuma mfa mma anibueiɛ ne yiedie.
No. 10, Shanghai Liqiuyuan Nsɛm a Wɔatintim no ntɛmntɛm .
Wɔde Shanghai Liqiuyuan Express sii hɔ wɔ afe 2014. Ɛyɛ adwumayɛbea a wɔde mfiridwuma ho nimdeɛ a ɛkorɔn yɛ adwuma a wɔde wɔn ho hyɛ dijitaal tintim mu: Intanɛt so nnwuma, nnwumakuw a wɔyɛ nneɛma, ne nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a wɔde yɛ nneɛma. Adwumakuw no wɔ mfiri a wɔde tintim nhoma a ɛkɔ anim ne adwumayɛfo kuw a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ. Factory no de ERP tintim nhyehyɛe a wɔde di dwuma nyinaa ne ICC kɔla sohwɛ nhyehyɛe no di dwuma. Ɛwɔ automated ne intelligent pre-press, China ne post-press akwan a ɛbɛma woanya nsɛm a ɛyɛ adwuma yiye, ɛyɛ papa, ne bo yɛ den na ɛho ka sua ntɛmntɛm. Yɛfa adetɔfo sɛ adwumakuw no, yɛfa nnwumayɛfo sɛ kuw titiriw, yɛ nneɛma a wɔde tintim nhoma wɔ aguadi mu, na yenya adetɔfo mu ahotoso.
Shanghai tintim ho bo a wɔakyerɛw .
| dwumadie | Bo (yuan) . |
|---|---|
| Nneɛma a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho UV tintim . | 3000 yuan - 80000 yuan . |
| Anifurae adaka tintim . | 1000 yuan - 300,000 yuan . |
| Nsa bag a wɔde nsa gu so a wɔayɛ no sɛnea wɔpɛ . | 5,000 yuan - 200,000 yuan . |
| Adaka a wɔde lipstick ahyɛ mu . | 3000 yuan - 80000 yuan . |
| Nsato krataa a ɛkorɔn a wɔayɛ no sɛnea wɔpɛ . | 1200 yuan - 300,000 yuan . |
| Nnuru a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho tintim . | 1200 yuan - 350,000 na ɛwɔ hɔ . |
| Protein Powder Packaging Akyɛde Adaka . | 1200 yuan - 350,000 na ɛwɔ hɔ . |
| Album a ɛkorɔn a wɔde tintim nhoma . | 3000 yuan - 80000 yuan . |
| Brochure tintim . | 1500 yuan - 400,000 yuan . |
| Kɔla adaka a wɔayɛ no sɛnea wɔpɛ . | 1500 yuan - 350,000 yuan . |
| Ofie Nneɛma a Wɔde Yɛ Kɔla Adaka a Wɔde Nneɛma Gu Mu a Wɔtintim . | 5,000 yuan - 150,000 yuan . |
| Lotion toa a wɔde kyekyere nneɛma ho adaka . | 2000 yuan - 60,000 yuan . |
Nea ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no fa nnwumakuw 5 a ɛwɔ Shanghai’s label printing ne production companies rankings ho no ho! Mewɔ anidaso sɛ wubetumi de atoto ho wɔ ntease mu. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa biara a, wobɛtumi ahwɛ intanɛt so atɔfoɔ som.